Kungani Ungasakwazi Ukufunda Incwadi Njengamanje (futhi Ungayithola Njani Emuva)

Ukephuza ukufihla ezincwadini. Manje uvula eyodwa, ufunda ingxenye yesigaba, uqaphele ukuthi awuzange uthole lutho, bese uthola isandla sakho sithanda ukuya efoni yakho. Mhlawumbe uqale izincwadi eziyishumi kulonyaka futhi awuqedile nakanye. Uma ube nomuzwa wokudabuka ngokulahlekelwa ikhono lakho lokufunda — futhi uzwe kancane uthukile ngakho — uchaza enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu ezibikwayo ezihlobene nesikhathi sokuhamba phambili. Izindaba ezinhle ezikhaleni lapha: kuyikhono, hhayi ukulahleka okungapheli, futhi amakhono angabuyiselwa.

Ukufunda okujulile — ukuzibandakanya okuqhubekayo, okujule ngokweqile nemibhalo emide — kubonakala kuyinto ethambile futhi engafundwa kalula kunalokho esikucabanga. Kungashabalala uma kunganakiwe futhi kugcwele ezinye izindlela ezisheshayo, kodwa kuphinde kubuyele ngokuzikhandla. Nansi okwenziwa ngempela ebuchosheni bakho bokufunda, kanye nendlela enembile yokubuyela ezincwadini.

Ukufunda okujulile kuyikhono elifundwayo, hhayi okwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo

Nansi into engaziwa abantu abaningi: abantu abazalwa befunda. Ngokwehlukana nolimi olukhuluma, ukufunda kuyinto entsha esikhathini esifushane, futhi ubuchopho abunayo imijikelezo ethile yokufunda. Kunalokho, njengoba umcwaningi wezengqondo uMaryanne Wolf echaze, ubuchopho bomfundi ngamunye bwakha imijikelezo yokufunda kusuka ekuqaleni, busebenzisa izindawo ezithuthukiswe ngezinye izinjongo. Futhi kubalulekile, ukwakheka kwaleyo mijikelezo kuncike kulokho nokuthi ufunda kanjani.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuchopho obujulile bokufunda — obukwazi ukugxila isikhathi eside, ukujula, nokucubungula kancane okudingwa yifomu elide — kuyinto oyakhele ngayo ngokuzijwayeza, hhayi into eqinisekisiwe. Faka iminyaka uqeqesha ubuchopho bakho bokufunda ngezincwadi eziphukile, ezibhalwe ngokushesha, ezihlanganisiwe, eziphazamisekile njalo, futhi bujule kakhulu kulokho — ngentela yokuthi imodi yokujula, yokufunda efanele izincwadi iyadingeka. Awulahlanga ikhono elithile; usiqeqeshe kabusha ukuze sibe nesitayela esihlukile sokufunda.

Awuzange uzalwe ukwazi ukufunda ngokujulile — wakha lelo buchopho ngokuzijwayeza. Lokhu kuyindaba embi kanye nenhle ngasikhathi sinye: kungase kuphume uma uqeqesha ngama-fragments, kodwa kuyakha kabusha uma uqeqesha ngencwadi futhi.

Yini eyayiqeqeshe ubuchopho bakho ukuyenza esikhundleni

Indlela esiningi yethu efunda ngayo ku-inthanethi ihluke kakhulu kokufunda okujulile. Ucwaningo lokufunda esikrinini lukhombisa umqondo wokuhlola, ukuhamba, nokufunda okuthiwa "F-shaped" — ukugijima phezu kombhalo ukuze uthole amagama abalulekile, kancane ukufunda ngendlela eqondile, kancane ukuqeda. Senze lokhu amahora ngosuku, iminyaka. Ngakho-ke ubuchopho bethu bokufunda buphenduke izikhangibavakashi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu — futhi ukuhamba akuhambisani nokubekezela, ukufunda okujule okudinga incwadi noma incwadi ethile engamanga.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhamba kuholele ekubeni nesithakazelo esiqhubekayo sokuhlukahluka nokwaneliseka — isikhuthazo esisha njalo ngemizuzwana embalwa. Incwadi iletha imivuzo yayo kancane, phezu kwamakhasi nezahluko. Kubuchopho obulungiselelwe ukuhamba kwevidiyo esheshayo, amakhasi okuqala encwadini azwakala ehluleka kakhulu, futhi umuzwa wokushintshela kokuthile okusheshayo uba namandla. Incwadi ayikabi mubi; ukumelana kwakho nokwaneliseka okuphansi kwehla. Lokhu kuyisikhumbuzo esifanayo esichaza emqondweni wethu ku- popcorn brain.

Futhi kukhona indaba elula yokuphazamiseka. Uma ufunda nefonini eduze kwakho, awufundi ngempela — uhamba phakathi kokuhlola, ungahlali embhalweni isikhathi eside ukuze ungene kuwo. Ukungena kudinga isikhathi esingaphazamiseki, futhi ifoni iyasusa leso sikhathi.

Kungani ukubuyisa lokhu kubalulekile

Ukufunda okujulile akusiyo nje nje into enhle yokubuyisela. Ukucubungula okujule, okuqhubekayo okudinga lokhu kuhilela ukugxila okuqinile, ukuqonda okujulile, ukuzwelana okujule (ikakhulukazi ngezinganekwane, okuxhumanisa nocwaningo lokubheka emqondweni), kanye nohlobo lokucabanga okukhumbula okungakwenzi ukufunda ngokushesha. Ukulahlekelwa amandla okufunda okujulile akusiyo nje ukulahlekelwa izincwadi — kuyilahlekelwa indlela yokucabanga.

Futhi kuyindlela ethembekile, ejabulisayo yokwakha kabusha ukunakwa ngokujwayelekile. Ukufunda incwadi kuyindlela yokuzivocavoca yokugxila ngendlela ejabulisayo kakhulu. Ukubuyisela lokhu akukhiphi nje izincwadi; kuqinisa imisipha yokunaka ebanzi eyayiphukile ngenxa yokuskrola — okukhokha kahle ngaphezu kokufunda.

Indlela yokwakha kabusha imisipha yokufunda

Thatha lokhu njengokubuyisela noma iyiphi ikhono elingasebenzi: qala kancane, susa ukuphazamiseka, wakhe kancane kancane. Indlela yokubuyela ibalulekile uma unomonde ngayo:

• Funda ucingo lukhona kwenye igumbi. Isinyathelo sokuqala esingashintshwa. Awukwazi ukuvuselela ukufakwa ngesikhathi idivayisi yokuphazamiseka ikhona. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokomzimba, hhayi nje ngokubheka phansi, kunika ukufunda indawo engaphazamiseki edingekayo.
• Qala ngezincwadi ezimfishane, ezilula, ezijabulisayo ngempela. Ungaqali ukubuyela kwakho ngezincwadi ezinzima. Khetha okuthokozisayo nokusheshayo — inhloso ukuvuselela ukufakwa nokuphothula izinto, hhayi ukujabulisa muntu. Ukuphetha kukhuphula ukuzethemba; ukushiya kuqinisa ukuvinjelwa.
• Funda kancane, nsuku zonke, ngesikhathi esibekiwe. Ukuqhubeka kuhlula ubukhulu. Ngisho nemizuzu engu-15–20 ngosuku, kahle ngesikhathi esifanayo (ekuseni noma ngaphambi kokulala), kuvuselela umkhuba nomjikelezo ngokushesha kunokuhlala isikhathi eside ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Hlala uphila phakathi kokukhathazeka kokuqala. Imizuzu embalwa yokuqala — kanye nezinsuku zokuqala — izozwakala ibuhlungu futhi ibhade njengoba ukulungiswa kwakho okusheshayo kuphikisana. Lokhu kukhathazeka kuyinkqubo yokufundisa, hhayi uphawu lokuthi awukwazi ukukwenza. Kuyapholisa.
• Izincwadi zomzimba noma ama-e-reader kunama-phones. Ukufunda kudivayisi efanayo oyisebenzisayo ukuhamba phambili kufaka isikhumbuzo. Incwadi ethile noma um reader we-e-ink ayinayo imithombo yokuphunyuka.

Abantu abaningi bayamangala ukuthi kubuyela kanjani ngokushesha — ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokufunda ngaphandle kwefoni, ukufakwa kubuyela futhi izincwadi azizwakali njengezinto ezinzima. Ikhono belingasebenzi, alizange liphume. Ukuze uthole indlela ebanzi yokwakha lezi zimo ngaphandle kwefoni, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu ku-ukunciphisa isikhathi sokubuka isikrini ngaphandle kokuzikhandla.

Okokuqala

Uma ungakwazi ukufunda izincwadi ngendlela obujwayele ngayo, awulahlekelwanga yisipho esithile — usushintshe ikhono elakhiwe ukuze ugxile futhi uthole imivuzo esheshayo, futhi uphumelele ekutholeni ukugxila okujule okudingwa yizincwadi ezinde. Ubuchopho bokufunda obujulile obwakhiwe eminyakeni yokuzilolonga buphenduke kudla okuhlukile kwemibhalo. Yingakho kubonakala kunzima manje, futhi futhi kungani kulungiseka.

Beka ifoni kwenye igumbi, khetha okuthile okujabulisayo, funda kancane nsuku zonke, futhi uhlale uphakathi kokungakhululeki ekuqaleni ngenkathi umjikelezo uphinde wakhe. Ukugxila kubuyela ngokushesha kunalokho obungakucabanga, futhi nabukubuyela hhayi nje injabulo yezincwadi kodwa nokugxila okuqinile, okujulile okwakukhishwe kancane kancane. Awulahlekelwanga ikhono lakho lokufunda. Uqedile nje ukuqeqesha. Qala futhi, futhi kubuyela.

Sources

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