Izibalo Zokulutha Ifoni: Kujwayeleke Kangakanani?
Bangaki abantu ngempela abasebencike emafonini abo? Izimpendulo eziqine kakhulu zivela kuma-meta-analysis ahlanganisa izifundo ezingamakhulu. Nanka amanani azo, lokho ezikala ngempela, nalapho zishoda khona.
Emhlabeni wonke, cishe 27% yabantu bahlangabezana nemibandela yokulutheka kwe-smartphone emibuzweni eqinisekisiwe — futhi cishe oyedwa kwabane wezingane nentsha ukhombisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-smartphone okuyinkinga.
Ukulutheka kwedijithali emhlabeni wonke
| Uhlobo | Ukusabalala | |
|---|---|---|
| Ukulutha kwe-smartphone | 27.0% | |
| Ukulutha ezinkundleni zokuxhumana | 17.4% | |
| Ukulutha yi-inthanethi | 14.2% | |
| Ukulutha emidlalweni yevidiyo | 6.0% |
Izingane nentsha
| Isilinganiso | Inani | |
|---|---|---|
| Ukusetshenziswa kwe-smartphone okunenkinga | 23.3% | |
| Amathuba okudangala | 3.17× | |
| Amathuba okukhathazeka | 3.05× | |
| Amathuba okuba nokulala okungesihle | 2.60× | |
| Amathuba okuba nokucindezeleka okuphawulwayo kuphakame | 1.86× |
Izinombolo ezisemqoka
- Cishe u-27% wabantu emhlabeni wonke uhlangabezana nemibandela yokuba umlutha we-smartphone emibuzweni eqinisekisiwe — isilinganiso esihlanganisiwe esivela ezifundweni ezingu-504 zabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-2,1 emazweni angu-64.
- Ukulutha kwe-smartphone kuwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokulutha kwedijithali kulolo cwaningo, ngaphambi kokulutha ezinkundleni zokuxhumana (17,4%), i-inthanethi (14,2%) nokulutha kwemidlalo (6,0%).
- Phakathi kwezingane nabantu abasha, ukusabalala okuphakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-smartphone okuyinkinga kungu-23,3% — cishe 1 kwabangu-4.
- Abantu abasha abasebenzisa kakhulu i-smartphone babenamathuba acishe aphindwe kathathu okuba nokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka kanye namathuba aphindwe ngo-2,6 okuba nokulala okungekuhle — lokhu kuwukuhlangana kwezinto, hhayi ubufakazi bokubangela.
- Izinga liyakhuphuka: amaphuzu enyuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi emazweni amaningi kwangu-24 afundwe, kanti ukuhlaziywa kwamazwe angu-64 kwathola umkhuba wokwenyuka emashumini amabili eminyaka, owaba mubi kakhulu ngesikhathi sobhadane lwe-COVID-19.
Lapho liphezulu kakhulu nalapho liphansi kakhulu
Kuzo zonke izwe ezingama-24 — abantu abangu-33,831 abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-35, ezifundweni ezisuka ku-2014 kuya ku-2020 — amaphuzu ayephakeme kakhulu e-China naseSaudi Arabia, kulandelwa iMalaysia, iBrazil, iSouth Korea, i-Iran, iCanada neTurkey. Ayephansi kakhulu e-Germany naseFrance. Ababhali baxhumanisa lo mehluko ngokwengxenye nesiko: amaphuzu aphezulu ayevame ukuvela emazweni anemigomo eqinile yomphakathi nezibopho zomphakathi nezomndeni ezisemthethweni kakhulu.
I-meta-analysis yamazwe angu-64 yathola iphethini ebanzi efanayo ngokwezifunda nangemali engenayo: amazinga aphezulu esifundeni sase-Eastern Mediterranean nasemazweni anemali engenayo ephansi nesezingeni eliphansi eliphakathi.
Lokho lezi zinombolo ezikala khona
Ukuncika ku-smartphone akusona isifo esisemthethweni. Izifundo zikulinganisa ngamaphepha emibuzo abantu abazigcwalisela wona, afana ne-Smartphone Addiction Scale, futhi zibala wonke umuntu onamaphuzu angaphezu kwephuzu lomkhawulo. Izikali ezihlukene nemikhawulo ehlukene ziveza amazinga ahlukene — esinye sezizathu ezenza izilinganiso zihluke kakhulu phakathi kwezifundo. Lezi zibalo zikhombisa ukuthi le ndlela ivame kangakanani ezivivinyweni zocwaningo, hhayi ukuthi bangaki abantu ababezothola ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha.
Umi kuphi?
Ukuhlolwa kwethu kwamahhala kokuluthwa yifoni kusebenzisa imibuzo eyishumi ethathwe enguqulweni emfushane ye-Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV), isikali esifanayo esisekela ucwaningo oluningi olungenhla. Kuthatha imizuzu emibili futhi kukunikeza isinyathelo esilandelayo esicacile, hhayi ukuxilongwa.
Imithombo
- Meng SQ, Cheng JL, Li YY, et al. Global prevalence of digital addiction in general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 93, 102128 (2022).
- Sohn SY, Rees P, Wildridge B, Kalk NJ, Carter B. Prevalence of problematic smartphone usage and associated mental health outcomes amongst children and young people: a systematic review, meta-analysis and GRADE of the evidence. BMC Psychiatry, 19, 356 (2019).
- Olson JA, Sandra DA, Colucci ÉS, et al. Smartphone addiction is increasing across the world: A meta-analysis of 24 countries. Computers in Human Behavior, 129, 107138 (2022).
Ikhasi lagcinwa ukubuyekezwa: Septhemba 2026. Sibuyekeza izibalo lapho kushicilelwa ama-meta-analysis amasha.
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Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Kuvame kangakanani ukuluthwa yifoni?
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta ngo-2022 kwezifundo ezingu-504 ezibandakanya abantu abayizigidi ezingu-2,1 emazweni angu-64 kwalinganisela ukuthi u-26,99% wabantu uhlangabezana nemibandela yokuluthwa yi-smartphone ezinkethweni zemibuzo eziqinisekisiwe — cishe 1 kwabangu-4. Lesi silinganiso siyahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlu lwemibuzo nangomkhawulo wokunquma osetshenzisiwe.
Bangaki abasebasha abayimilutha yefoni yabo?
Ukubuyekezwa okuhleliwe kwezifundo ezingu-41 ezibandakanya izingane nentsha ezingu-41 871 kwathola ukuthi ukusabalala okumaphakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-smartphone okunenkinga kwaba ngu-23,3% — cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabane. Izifundo ngazinye zazihluka kakhulu, futhi eziningi zakukala lokhu ngemibuzo abazigcwalisa bona.
Yimaphi amazwe anezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokulutha i-smartphone?
Kuhlaziyweni kwe-meta kwezizwe ezingu-24 (abantu abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya ku-35, izifundo ezivela ku-2014 kuya ku-2020), izikolo zaziphezulu kakhulu eChina naseSaudi Arabia, zilandelwa iMalaysia, iBrazil, iSouth Korea, i-Iran, iCanada neTurkey, futhi zaziphansi kakhulu eJalimane naseFrance.
Ingabe ukulutheka kwefoni kuwukuxilongwa kwangempela?
Cha. Ukulutheka kwe-smartphone akusona isixilongo esisemthethweni. Abacwaningi balinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-smartphone okuyinkinga ngamaphepha emibuzo nangamaphuzu omkhawulo, yingakho izilinganiso zehluka kakhulu phakathi kwezifundo. Uma ukusetshenziswa kwefoni yakho kukwenza ukhathazeke kakhulu, khuluma nochwepheshe wezempilo.
Ingabe ukulutheka kwefoni kuya ngokuba kubi?
Ucwaningo lukhomba kanjalo: ukuhlaziywa okuhlanganisayo kwamazwe angama-24 kwathola amaphuzu enyuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi emazweni amaningi, kanti ukuhlaziywa okuhlanganisayo kwamazwe angama-64 kwathola umkhuba wokwanda phakathi kweminyaka engamashumi amabili, owaba mubi kakhulu ngesikhathi sobhubhane lwe-COVID-19.